Nnamdi Azikwe

Nnamdi Benjamin Azikiwe GCFR PC (Listenⓘ; byin ka̱tuk 16 an hywan swak bu̱ yring u̱ du̱rya 1904 – ka̱tuk 11 an hywan pfon u̱ du̱rya 1996),[2] ba ku bvwo bu̱ a̱hyom du̱yrek Zik a̱nyyi Afrika, a̱ yin yet a̱ntyok mmwang ba̱nyet an cat du̱tyok Naijerya, a̱tsatsak ka̱won ka̱byen bu̱ a̱ngwak a̱kwak-a̱son nu a̱ yin yet a̱mba̱tat u̱ kwak ka̱son ka̱byen ka wwon a̱ yet ka̱tsutsrang a̱dyundying kpa ka̱yat nba ni nyai u̱ du̱rya 1960 su nat 1963, wwon a̱ bvo yet ka̱tsutsrang a̱bra̱ng ka̱byen Naijerya nu nyai (1963–1966).[3] Nu a̱mi ba ccang na̱ yet a̱tyi a̱nyyi ka̱ccet cat du̱tyok bu̱ swat du̱ccu ka̱byen Naijerya su kpang ka̱ram shya cet ya du̱tyok du̱ccu nka u̱ du̱rya 1960.[4][5][6] Ka̱ram ka na yi ntyak du̱twang ti Hope Waddell ni, [24] Azikiwe a̱ bra̱k a̱ nat Methodist Boys' High School, Lagos, a̱ su shya ba̱kpa̱ndang ka̱yat ba̱nyet ba na̱ twang ndung ba̱ mba ni da̱ ni di George Shyngle, Francis Cole bu̱ Ade Williams (ka̱won Akarigbo Remo). Mon a ni yin cong bu̱ ku byi kpu̱ngtun u̱ ka̱ccet mmwang ba̱nyet an cat du̱tyok ka̱ya Legwot.[18] Ka̱ram ka na̱ yin shyi Wesley Boys High school ni a̱ yin kwan ba̱gungang u̱ du̱twang ti, ku tyi ba ku nang kpa na ba nyei "from Log Cabin to the White House", nkkang a̱n tazwa James A. Garfield, a̱ntyok u̱ a̱ yin krek a kpra̱k bra̱ng ka̱byen United States, a̱ yin ta̱kyem nyai u̱̇ yet a̱kpam a̱yin a̱ su ntat ka̱bvwa a̱ ya. Kpa na yin ku gye rya na̱ ga ntyi ka̱ssu a̱ ya kȧ̱son u̱ swatkasa nu na. Azikiwe a̱ bu hok zzek nyai di James Aggrey, a̱ngwak tssak ȧ̱ccu di zzek u a̱ yin tyi rya banyet Afrika ba kwan a̱ shya nat a̱cecet na̱kpri du̱twang kamanyyi ni a̱ ga bra̱k a̱ bu̱ ba bu̱ kashei.[25] Ka̱ram ka ba bu̱ ntyak pfong zzek a ni, Aggrey a̱ wrak ka̱ntyok ka ni a̱yiyrek na̱kpri du̱twang a ssang ba̱dyindying a̱kpa ba nwwa du̱twang ni ka̱ ya Amerika.[20]

After completing his secondary education, Azikiwe applied to the colonial service and was accepted as a clerk in the treasury department. His time in the colonial service exposed him to racial bias in the colonial government.[26] Azikiwe's choice to study in the United States instead of Great Britain was due to influences of Dr. James Kwegyir Aggrey, the biographies of President A. Garfield and Abraham Lincoln, the Marcus Garvey Pan Africanism and the existence of assistances for indigent students, which was not available in Britain. Determined to travel abroad for further education, Azikiwe applied to universities in the U.S. He was admitted by Storer College, contingent on his finding a way to America.[27]

Na̱ ga shya nat Amerika a̱ yin shya a̱ntyok ka̱ccet u̱ jirgi ba̱shekkwot, wwon a̱ rop ba nu̱ a̱ yet stowaway.[28] Ku bu tat a̱yanyet a̱yring ka̱yat ba̱rywai ka̱ccet nu ba a̱ kpa hyuu u̱ jirgi na, ba ryat ba̱n ba ba krek ka̱yat Sekondi. Ka ya Ghana, Azikiwe a̱ yya pfong yet polit; A̱na nbying nu nu a̱ bu nat ka̱yemi, a̱ su ku naai na̱ bra̱k a̱ ba Naijerya. Na̱ brak a̱ ba, A̱tyi nu a bu̱ shim di a̱ nu ku tan zang ka̱ccet nat ka̱ma̱nyyi Amerika ji.[29]

Azikiwe in Storer College (1926) Azikiwe a̱ nat du̱twang ka̱ ya Storer College a̱ su yya za swa na̱ shyi jji ryen du̱twang ka̱ ya Harpers Ferry, West Virginia. Na̱ ga shya nkyang tan zang swat nu ji bu̱ tan krum ka̱kpri du̱twang, a̱ yin yya nȧ̱man pfong a̱ su wa bvwa a̱n nwwa Howard University ka̱ ya Washington, D.C. u̱ du̱rya 1927 a̱ ga shya digri ka̱tsutsrang an kkwan mmwang ba̱nyet a̱n cat du̱tyok. U̱ du̱rya 1929, na̱ shei ka̱bvwa du̱twang ka nyai Howard University a̱ nat Lincoln University a̱ ga su tyak ka̱ssu du̱twang a̱ ya wwon a̱ bu̱ tyak u̱ du̱rya 1930.[30][31]

Azikwe took courses with Alain Locke.[32] Azikiwe was a member of Phi Beta Sigma.[33] He then enrolled at Lincoln University in Pennsylvania and in the University of Pennsylvania simultaneously in 1930, receiving a master's degree in religion and philosophy from Lincoln University in 1932 and a master's degree in anthropology from the University of Pennsylvania in 1933.[34][35] Azikiwe became a graduate-student instructor in the history and political-science departments at Lincoln University, where he created a course in African history.[36] He was a candidate for a doctoral degree at Columbia University before returning to Nigeria in 1934.[37] Azikiwe's doctoral research focused on Liberia in world politics, and his research paper was published by A. H. Stockwell in 1934. During his time in America, he was a columnist for the Baltimore Afro-American, Philadelphia Tribune and the Associated Negro Press.[38] Azikiwe was influenced by the ideals of the African-American press, Garveyism and pan-Africanism.[39]